To date, there is no reliable method of diagnosis that would give one hundred percent over the pathogens of the disease and the degree of activity of the process.Compared to other methods, a blood test for parasites is more accurate.Only in this way can information be obtained about the presence of a specific microorganism, regardless of the cycle of its vital activity of egg and larva formation to an adult.
Why is the exact diagnosis of Helminths important?Almost all antiparasitic agents presented in the pharmaceutical market have a wide range of activities in relation to different groups of worms.
However, the treatment period differs, depending on the type of disease, can be 1 day to several months.At the same time, helminths affect the work of the whole human body.
Its development is accompanied by physiological changes such as:
- Desensitization (constant allergic reaction).
- Persistent absence of vitamins and various elements.With parasitic invasion, the structure of epithelial intestinal cells is damaged, as a result, the absorption of various nutrients is disturbed.
- Changes in the hormonal background.
- Sacred disorders (this is also reflected in the usual blood test).Increased vascular permeability.
- The development of chronic digestive pathologies (liver and biliary disease disease, pancreas inflammation, intestines), endocrine (diabetes), bronchopulmonary system (bronchial asthma).
- Exacerbation of allergic diseases.
- Emotional disorders (chronic fatigue, irritability, bad mood, insomnia, alarming constant, pathological hyperactivity).
- Exercise the difficult course of disease caused by viruses and infections due to immunodeficiency.
Confirmation of diagnosis by a vein blood test in parasites is also recommended when specific symptoms of helminthiasis appear.Let's look at the most common.The possible pinworms (enterobiosis) infection is evidenced by itching in the anus area, increasing significantly at night and night.Its intensity depends on the power of the invasion.Sometimes it is not limited to anus, but applies to external genitalia.Constant hairstyle can cause infectious complications.
The invasion of Blazothale (Tricocephals) is accompanied by a general evil, increased fatigue, pain in the right iliac region, diarrhea is constantly replaced by constipation, sometimes a blood stone is observed in the feces.The forteloidosis proceeds with constant temperature fluctuations, rash in the chest, buttocks, abdomen, lower back and hips, stinky diarrhea (up to 7 times a day).
Signs of trichnelosis are symptoms of acute intoxication, facial swelling, severe muscle pain.It is dangerous to defeat almost all internal organs and central nervous system.Toxocarosis is also characterized by the night dry cough.Sometimes toxocar larvae enter the brain with blood flow.In this case, the patient may have seizures and other neurological symptoms.
Almost all parasites are characterized by a set of clinical signs, consisting of:
- pain and crash in the abdomen;
- nausea, with less frequency - vomiting;
- Violations of the stool;
- flatulence;
- Allergic manifestations.
Currently, the most common method of diagnosis of helminthiasis is a serological immunosorbent blood test for parasites detection.The decoding of this study is based on the detection of certain antibodies, which are produced in response to antigens of foreign microorganisms.
The advantage of immunoopformal analysis (ELISA) is its versatility.This technique is applicable to the diagnosis of worms in an adult and a child.Treatment with various medications does not have a significant effect on results.The only thing that can affect antibody production is the state of immunodeficiency.In addition, this blood test for parasites is comprehensive, that is, several pathogens can be identified at the same time
How to check if there are parasites, what tests do, preparation for research
How to check parasites, which tests can be performed at the clinical and diagnostic center.Now they offer many packages for complex diagnoses, which include research on all common helminths and protozoa.Your conduct does not require special training.
But to get reliable results, doctors recommend not eating from 8 to 10 hours before analysis, morning blood strictly with the empty stomach in the morning.In addition, they are advised to abstain from greasy and sweet food, alcohol.Stress, intensive physical exertion should be avoided.If drug use falls at the beginning, you will need to transfer it for several hours and drink after the analysis.
The blood about the blood is made of vein.To conduct the study, 1-3 ml is sufficient.Then the nurse asks to fold her hand on her elbow and stay in this position for 10 to 15 minutes.This is necessary to prevent the formation of a bruise.The result will be ready in 3-5 days.
In medical literature, IFA methodology is described using specific terminology, which is simply incomprehensible for a person without appropriate education, who is simply interested in how to check parasites, which tests to take.
Under the laboratory conditions, they take a special tablet with cells in which an antigen of a certain parasite is pre -introduced.A small amount of blood serum is added there.Then, using the devices, the photometry is performed during which specific markers are evaluated.The study "classic" includes: giardia, toxoplasmas, trichomonas, all helmyntian pathogens (worms, ascarides, toxocars, echinococci, options, trichinella).
As a result of Elisa, three types of antibodies can be distinguished:
- IgM, detect 2.5-4 weeks of infection;
- Iga, it is produced from the early days of the disease and is determined until healing;
- IgG, Discovered from 4 weeks of the disease, a decrease in titles occurs only after 1-5 months after recovery.
The conclusion about the presence of a parasitic infection is based on the proportion of these antibodies.Their absence indicates that there is no helm tinty invasion.Elisa's specificity and reliability are about 90%.
The probability of false positive and false negative results occurs in various failures in the operation of the immune system.Therefore, when making a diagnosis, not only ELISA data is taken into consideration, but also a clinical picture.If necessary, the patient is sent to additional exams.
Parasite Analysis in Adults and Children
There are other ways to identify the helminth invasion.
The presence of such a disease can be assumed by a general blood test.
They pay attention to signs like a long term, which lasts several months, an increase in eosinophil level (normal values float by 1-5%), with some types of helminth anemia is possible (reducing hemoglobin concentration).
A common analysis of parasites in a child is a known scraping for an entire enterobiosis.
To do this, immediately after awakening, without leaving the bed and without washing, it is necessary to push the buttocks and hold a piece of tape to the anal opening and the skin.It is then glued to the item and for 1.5 hours is attributed to the laboratory.
But this study allows to determine only one type of parasite.It is not absolutely suitable for identifying Lambia and other protozoa.Calais analysis is more indicative.In this case, you can detect ascaris larvae and different worms, pathogens of helminthiasis, parasitic in the gut.But a negative result does not always mean the lack of a disease.Therefore, for reliable diagnosis, several parasitic tests are required in a child.
A negative analysis of the stool may occur if the worms do not yet reach the final parts of the digestive system or have passed through the propagation cycle.Some medications may also influence data.Therefore, it is recommended to repeat the study after a few days.
But the most reliable analysis of parasites in an adult and child is the diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction or abbreviated PCR.At the same time, experts determine the pathogen's DNA in the patient's blood.Of course, with this method of study, the probability of false data is insignificant.The analysis will provide an accurate result, even in the early stages of the invasion.
Normally, PCR is prescribed to confirm the diagnosis.The widespread use of this method with a preventive goal limits the high cost.In adults, testimonies for parasitic examination are problems with immunity, general deterioration in the well, the temperature of the rapid etiology, cough and other symptoms of helminthiasis.However, it is recommended that you start the diagnosis with a regular fecal analysis, which can be delivered to any clinic.
Important!Treatment should begin only after obtaining parasitic tests in adults and confirmation of the helm tentn invasion was obtained.Taking drugs in case of suspected parasite infection may cause severe complications.
Medical recommendations differ in the relatively early diagnosis of such diseases in childhood.It is necessary to take a scraping to enterobiosis and egg reader feces twice a year.Such parasitic tests in a child are needed before visiting the garden and school.And in no case should it not be forgotten from prevention, which comes down to a frequent washing of the hands corresponding to the treatment of food and the quality of drinking water.